Rotator cuff injuries are a common cause of shoulder pain, especially as we age. Whether due to wear and tear or an acute injury, these conditions can significantly impact daily activities. Let’s look at how age affects the risk of rotator cuff injuries and the treatment options available.
Age and Rotator Cuff Injuries: Why the Risk Increases
As we age, the rotator cuff - a group of four tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint - becomes more susceptible to damage. Degenerative changes, such as reduced blood flow and tendon elasticity, make individuals over 40 more prone to wear-and-tear injuries. For athletes or individuals with physically demanding jobs, repetitive motions over time can exacerbate the risk.
In older adults, even minor injuries can lead to significant tears due to weakened tendons. Additionally, age-related conditions like bone spurs can increase friction, further damaging the tendons.
Symptoms of Rotator Cuff Injuries Across Age Groups
While symptoms may vary, the most common signs include:
- Persistent shoulder pain, especially at night
- Weakness when lifting or rotating the arm
- A clicking or popping sensation during movement
In younger patients, the symptoms often result from acute trauma, while in older individuals, they typically develop gradually.
Treatment Options for Rotator Cuff Injuries
A variety of treatment options are available based on the severity of the injury and the patient's age:
Non-Surgical Treatments: For mild to moderate injuries, rest, physical therapy, and anti-inflammatory medications are often effective. Corticosteroid injections may also provide temporary pain relief.
Surgical Interventions: Severe or full-thickness tears often require surgery. Advanced techniques like shoulder arthroscopy allow for minimally invasive procedures, reducing recovery time and scarring. In cases where the rotator cuff is irreparably damaged and other treatments are ineffective, reverse shoulder joint replacement may be recommended. This procedure is particularly suited for older patients with massive rotator cuff tears combined with arthritis
Orthobiologics: Emerging treatments, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), are showing promise in promoting tendon healing, particularly in younger, active individuals.
Why Early Intervention for Rotator Cuff Injury Matters
Addressing rotator cuff injuries early can prevent further complications, such as chronic pain and loss of shoulder function. For older patients, prompt evaluation is crucial to maintaining independence and quality of life.
Dr. Shah emphasizes the importance of personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s age, activity level, and goals. With proper care, most individuals can return to their normal activities pain-free.
AUTHOR: Dr. Anup Shah is a board-certified, fellowship-trained Sports Medicine Orthopedic surgeon specializing in Knee and Shoulder Surgery in Phoenix, Arizona at Banner Health. Dr. Shah uses a patient-centric and an evidence-based approach to help his patients achieve their desired goals.
